vue set array

vue set array

Displaying a List - vue.js Set the prop type You can specify the type of a prop by using an object instead of an array, using the name of the property as the key of each property, and the type as the value: Vue . Reactivity in Depth — Vue.js # Turn Array to be reactive For Object, as we know, it uses getter/setter to interfere any read/update operation.. For Array, it uses the same thinking except Array has a number of methods which . Let's say fruits was an array of fruit objects with a name and a . How to render an array of data in Vue | by John Au-Yeung ... npm install vfg-field-array. Vue.js - The Progressive JavaScript Framework. But in many cases, we also need to pass data from . Do not try to add the property directly, that still won't work. When you set props on a component, Vue will compare those props to what the component has specified in it's props section. Uncaught DOMException: Failed to read the 'localStorage ... Only the first argument is required in each case. Clicking the button updates a property on one object in each of those arrays, and Vue reacts. Props — Vue.js Problems with Change Management. Simply because When a ref is returned as a property on the rendering context (i.e from the setup() method) in the template, it gets unwraped to the original primitive value.. provide / inject. # Array and Nested fields. Use item's index as the key. Vue.js is an approachable core library that focuses on the view layer only. In cases where you absolutely need to add or delete properties at runtime, use the global Vue.set or Vue.delete methods. Vuejs and Vue.set(), update array EDIT 2 For allobject changes that need reactivity use Vue.set(object, prop, value) For array mutations, you can look at the currently supported list here EDIT 1 For vuex you will want to do Vue.set(state.object, key, value) Original So just for others who come to this question. Displaying a List - vue.js Also, when we replace an array with a new array, Vue finds the most optimized way to update the items. Example: data.shoppingItems[3] = { price: 10, name: 'pineapple' }; This can be resolved by using the Vue.set method. And as well as, you can use the v-for directive to render a list of items based on an array. Vue.js will automatically detect this and invoke the setter function. Vue.js 3 Tutorial by Example: Vue 3 App, Components, Props ... Vuejs and Vue.set(), update an Key/Value array Vue.js Component Props Tutorial - Flavio Copes It will accept strings, numbers or objects. Prop Validation. How to add a class to body tag in Vue.js - Renat Galyamov Chad is an independent software consultant, five-time Microsoft MVP, author and speaker. Only works in development mode and in browsers that support the performance.mark API. Let's be honest, this is pretty awesome! Similarly, Vue.js cannot pickup these changes. Because we wish to change an element within an array in this case, this will correspond to the array index. Set this to true to enable component init, compile, render and patch performance tracing in the browser devtool performance/timeline panel. Vue.js check isArray. Overview. You have to tell Vue that you want it to inspect inside of the prop when watching for changes. He's also the founder of Ecofic, and creator of the Vue.js: Getting Started training course. Doing this is adding a new property to the Array as an Object, not pushing a new element to the Array: arr['someId'] = { . } The array syntax for dynamic class names; The object syntax (for more variety!) If you already have an empty array in your vuex state in the list property, your original code is not affected by either of those. In order to ensure the dynamic update of the view, we need to add get and set methods to the object for two-way binding. Defineproperty(). Vue provides two built-in filters to simplify such usage: filterBy and orderBy. This library supports both array and nested fields. Components can specify requirements for their props, such as the types you've already seen. Result: See the Pen Computed basic example by Vue () on CodePen.. How I go about this. As far as I can tell, my two options are: Set the entire array again with the updated value. Vuejs and Vue.set(), update array, EDIT 2. Details: A list/hash of custom events that can be emitted from the component. Next up: Listening for Events. In the last case, we just use the . I give you bellow . vm.items.length = newLength To iterate through objects, we can do the same thing, except that the first argument is the value of a property, the second argument is the key and the third is the index. We can use this method same as native JavaScript. It has an array-based simple syntax and an alternative Object-based syntax that allows to configure an event validation. Try to change the value of books array in the application data and you will see how publishedBooksMessage is changing accordingly.. You can data-bind to computed properties in templates just like a normal property. Here in this tutorial, we are going to explain how you can add an element in array or object. Now that vue 3 doesn't support ie11 they can use proxies, which can detect the change. Note that objects and arrays in JavaScript are passed by reference, so if the prop is an array or object, mutating the object or array itself inside the child component will affect parent state. Make sure to update Arrays and Objects correctly (only in Vue 2) This might apply to you if: You're updating a variable somewhere in your component, but your component isn't updating; Dealing with Arrays and Objects in Vue 2 can be a little tricky at times, because there are limitations with how the reactivity system works. Defineproperty(). Javascript, reactivity, Vue First I tried Vue.set, but it dind't work out. vm.items.length = newLength; For example: Due to limitations in JavaScript, Vue cannot detect the following changes to an. This method checks whether an object or string is array or not. Caveats. Sometimes we only need to display a filtered or sorted version of the Array without actually mutating or resetting the original data. But sometimes the last item will be hidden, somehow. props: This contains an array or object of properties specific to the Vue.js component, set at the time of invocation. Available fields: value The selected value which will be set on v-model; disabled Disables item for selection; text Display text, or html Display basic inline html; value can be a string, number, or simple object. So when you watch an array or an object, Vue has no idea that you've changed what's inside that prop. Vue bidirectional binding principle is to operate the setter and getter properties of an object through object. So: vm.item [indexOfItem] = 'item'; and: vm.items.length = 2; won't be picked up by Vue and update the view with updated data. In this example, we use the Vue.set API method to add the new age property to the person object and to select/modify a particular item from the activities array. 2. Vue.js Set Nested Prop Function. arr [0] = val) or modifying its length property. A snippet of the Vue source code will be presented to verify that Vue.set is called behind-the-scenes to fend off a Vue Caveat . When we create an array inside the initial state, Vue sets it up to be reactive for us. Vue bidirectional binding principle is to operate the setter and getter properties of an object through object. Vue.set (vm.someObject, 'b', 2) You can also use the vm.$set instance method, which is an alias to the global Vue.set: this .$ set (this.someObject, 'b', 2) Sometimes you may want to assign a number of properties to an existing object, for example using Object.assign () or _.extend (). Here's an example that has one array of objects initialized in our app's data, and another array of objects manually set (with Vue.set()) when mounted. In English, that means Array.map returns an array of the same length every single time. variable in your code using the @input event. Vue cannot detect the following changes to an array: When you directly set an item with the index, e.g. Vue.js Array v-model Use June 18, 2020 This article demonstrates using v-model to record the state of an array of checkbox selections. Vue.set ( this .numbers, 1, 10 ); Here in this tutorial, we are going to explain how to check an object is array or not. It allows you to add route-specific classes to your body tag. Example: data.shoppingItems[3] = { price: 10, name: 'pineapple' }; This can be resolved by using the Vue.set method. This means that you do not need to flatten out your form's values anymore. In Object-based syntax, the value of each property can either be null or a validator function. Since vue components require a key, it seems logical that there would be a way to find/replace an array element by that key. The last argument is the value that we want to set on the first argument, in this case the number ten. Type: Array<string> | Object. Use a unique ID of the array item to loop over the array and set the value that way. # Nested Objects. Default: true. It has an array-based simple syntax and an alternative Object-based syntax that allows to configure an event validation. Cover Image: "Working with arrays in Vue.js" Full project: CodePen If you are gonna build a web app, you will probably have to display some data of the user. If you make your array reactive (using reactive() or ref()) , you can simply use bracket notation (arr[x] = "foo" or arr.value[x] = "foo" ) Vue.set was needed due to a limitation in the api used by vue 2 to support ie11. You already know that there is an npm package for almost anything e.g. vue set array to 0; vue js replace item in array; vue correct way replace items in array; vuejs find and replace array; vue set update all array; vue set array "vue.set" empty an array; vue set new element list; vuejs update data array; vue replace array; vuejs set array item; how to assign array value in vue js; vue replace array reactivity . You can also use the vue field in package.json, but do note in that case you will be limited to JSON-compatible values only. In the template section, you can see that the first component, Test, has two Vue directives on it. Vue.js Array Push Example - You can use .push method to add an element in array or object. Rooted in mathematics, map is the concept of transforming a set into another type of set, while preserving structure. This also allows itemRefs to be made reactive and watched, if needed. PDF - Download Vue.js for free Previous Next This modified text is an extract of the original Stack Overflow Documentation created by following contributors and released under CC BY-SA 3.0 The wrapped methods are: push () pop () shift () unshift () splice () sort () reverse () You can open the console and play with the previous examples' items array by calling their mutation methods. . vue-body-class. Vue.js - The Progressive JavaScript Framework. Installation. You can do this by setting deep to true on your watcher and rearranging the handler function: For example, if we were doing this: this.membersArray[3] = myNewValue; Then Vue won't be able to detect this change, and thus it would not be reactive. dataプロパティでオブジェクトの定義. This stores the state on the task. if you worked with javascript jquery then you know you can get array length by variable.length so same way you can get array length or object length in vue js application. This tutorial will guide you step by step on how to use for loop or v-for in vue js. In Vue 2, we used props for passing data - such as string, arrays, objects, and so on - from a parent component directly to its children component. Sometimes we only need to display a filtered or sorted version of the Array without actually mutating or resetting the original data. You can use our online editor to edit and run the code online. If both html and text are provided, html will take . The two things that Vue cannot track when changed in an array are: Setting items directly. <v-select :value="selected" />. The first is the v-bind, which binds the initial header property to the implicit definition in the data object under the artists array; on initialization, the string Vue Top Artists is shown. The watch method has a Boolean property called Deep that you set to true; this is to inform the Vue instance that it should watch for changes to the nested data, i.e. // Remove any stale meta tags from the document using the key attribute we set below. Array Filters. vm.items[indexOfItem] = newValue When you modify the length of the array, e.g. Defineproperty(). Vue.set(vm.fruits, 0, 'kiwi'); The syntax is: Vue.set (array, index, newValue) Also, remember that we can use the .$set () alias directly inside the component. watch: This object keeps track of changes in the value of any of the properties defined as part of 'data' by setting up functions to watch over them. This should be an object, so what you'll be doing, in essence, is adding a new property on a nested object. Vue.js and Vuex - best practices for managing your state Modifying state object Example. Example: to set a new property foo.bar.baz = true on a Vuex state object you would call setProp(state, ['foo', 'bar', 'baz'], true). what I want I want some dates in an array and update them on a event. Also, when we replace an array with a new array, Vue finds the most optimized way to update the items. To use the setter function, all we need to do, is to assign a new value to the computed property as if it were a normal data property. export default { data () { return { fruits: ['apple', 'banana', 'orange'] }; } }; You can do destructuring as well. For all object changes that need reactivity use Vue.set(object, prop, value ); For array mutations, you can Vue implements some smart heuristics to maximize DOM element reuse, so replacing an array with another array containing overlapping objects is a very efficient operation. To read more on reactivity in Vue you can checkout the reactivity in-depth doc. Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('[data-vue-router-controlled . To double a list of numbers, use map with a double function. Next up: Listening for Events. When you modify an Array by directly setting an index (e.g. Problems with Change Management. Vue provides a convenience method arr.$set (index, value) which is syntax sugar for arr.splice (index, 1, value). We can either call Vue.set or splice to set an entry to a given index. For example for each book have a computed property "summary", with something like "title - authors - publisher (year)". Vue.set(this.files, 1, {token: '456', name: 'file2-b'}) Is there an easier way to replace the element by key (without have to traverse the array to find the index of the element with token '456')? If you have to extend an existing object with additional property, always prefer Vue.set() over Object.assign() (or spread operator).. The two things that Vue cannot track when changed in an array are: Setting items directly. Note that, The v-for directive requires a special syntax in the form of item in items, where items is the source data array and item is an alias for the array element . Here we have declared a computed property publishedBooksMessage.. The setProp() function is used to set a deep property on an object and hook it into the Vue.js reactivity system. Now after changing my array item: this.items [index] = val; this.items.push (); I push () nothing to the array and it will update.. New in 2.2.0+ Type: boolean. vue.config.js is an optional config file that will be automatically loaded by @vue/cli-service if it's present in your project root (next to package.json). The core of Vue is the bidirectional binding of data and view.When we modify the array, Vue will detect the change of data, so the view rendered with V-for will be updated immediately.Vue contains a set of methods to observe array variation. Defineproperty(). Since the edit properties in your rows objects are already set, you do not need to use Vue.set in this case. In the method observe, one of the five conditions is value must be either an Array or an Object.So, in if block, it deals with the Array situation, and in else block, it deals with Object situation. Vue cannot detect the following changes to an array: When you directly set an item with the index, e.g. numbers = [1, 2, 3]; double = (x) => x * 2; numbers.map(double); What about . Note that objects and arrays in JavaScript are passed by reference, so if the prop is an array or object, mutating the object or array itself inside the child component will affect parent state. Details: A list/hash of custom events that can be emitted from the component. Vue JS Get Array Length Or Object Length Example. cli Vue vue-cli webpack electron electron-builder Hacktoberfest Vue cli plugin 1 Answer: These was caused by the app:// scheme not being registered as standard. vue中动态向对象中添加属性写项目时遇到一个问题向后端发送post请求,需要新增数据时,向后端传递的参数形式是这样的:关于这里面的nodes,后端接收的需要是键值对的形式:nodes里面的内容,左边是另一个数组中每个元素的id,右边是该元素另一个属性的属性值。 Ideally I want to be able to just pass the specific item into the mutation and update it directly, instead . I think this solution is a bit hacky, how . Options property. vm.items[indexOfItem] = newValue; When you modify the length of the array, e.g. Components can specify requirements for their props, such as the types you've already seen. I have a "books" array under data, and I would need a computed property for each element (array) in there. When in non-modular environment, vfg-field-array will register all the components to vue by itself. Type: Array<string> | Object. Vue provides two built-in filters to simplify such usage: filterBy and orderBy. # For Arrays. If we want to store the state in a separate array that is also possible but for now adding the state to the task is just fine. In other words, the watch callback will no longer be . We can use the $set () method in a v-on:click directive to set a property to a value when the element is clicked. Example below explains implications for different implementations. But this is not what Arrays are for. Ideally, something like: Note that: itemRefs doesn't have to be an array: it can also be an object where the refs are set by their iteration keys.. Check out their documentations for more details. Check out their documentations for more details. You can also use our online editor to edit and run the code online vfg-field-array can be used as a module in both CommonJS and ES modular environments. Learn how to update your Vue single page application's title and metadata with vue-router. # 3.x Syntax When using the watch option to watch an array, the callback will only trigger when the array is replaced. Array Change Detection Mutation Methods Vue wraps an observed array's mutation methods so they will also trigger view updates. The array in question normally holds around 30 to 40 items. Vue is used in more than 870,000 projects and has more than 175,000 stars on GitHub. The function creates any nested properties that don't already exist. . In Object-based syntax, the value of each property can either be null or a validator function. Vue.js is a progressive JavaScript framework created by Evan You and the Vue core team with contributions from more than 230 community members. < script > import {VueForm, Field } from 'vue-advanced-cropper`; export default {components: . Note that the set() call that happens in mount() could really happen anytime. options can be an array of strings or objects, or a key-value object. If you want to store things with string keys you should use an Object. In order to ensure the dynamic update of the view, we need to add get and set methods to the object for two-way binding. Vue.jsでインスタンスを生成した際、dataオブジェクトに変数を定義した場合のリアクティブな動作についてはご存知だと思いますが、テンプレート内でdataオブジェクトに定義した変数を使用していた場合、変数の中身が変更されるとリアクティブに変更され . garfonzo September 9, 2017, 7:33pm #3. Chad Campbell. Usage: Set this to false to prevent the production tip on Vue . The name prop can use lodash-like dot paths to reference nested names. If you're using a multiple v-select, you'll want to pass an array. The file should export an object containing options: If you don't know how to get array length in vue js then i will give example for vue js get object length. Array update. # vue.config.js. The value prop lets vue-select know what value is currently selected. Mutations to Arrays in JavaScript happen through methods like push () and pop (). In this tutorial, you'll learn how to add and remove body classes in Vue.js with and without using additional packages. productionTip. Don't use a key in the v-for. Also, we can access the index of an array entry with v-for. Anytime you bind the `value` prop directly, you're responsible for updating the bound. Use arrays of objects instead, explicitly declaring a key for each item. the array of todo_items. This long command is a set of presets based on defaults established by @vue/cli/packages/@ . Use item itself as the key. The reason this works is that Vue will set class on the root element of MovieList directly. Prop Validation. However, Vue is unable to currently detect when you directly assign a value using an index. Vue already has a method called Watch, you just need to override it with your code. If there is a match, it will pass it along as a . You can just set the property value and Vue will notice the change: this.rows[0].edit = false; Here's a simple example: However, if the edit property of your row objects were not set initially (or if you just wanted to be safe), then you would need to use Vue.set in order to add the . The docs on computed properties seem to focus on single properties, and not inside existing array elements. BREAKING: When watching an array, the callback will only trigger when the array is replaced.If you need to trigger on mutation, the deep option must be specified. Using Vue.set () In order for this to work, the reactive property being created has to be set on an existing property on the data option in Vue. The key attribute can be set so the Vue can identify unique nodes. Array Filters. Since LocalStorage can only save strings, you must convert the array . Avoid using complex types in values. Vue can't handle two things, basically: assigning stuff to an array with bracket notation ( array [index] = 'stuff') Adding new (!) component ( 'user-name' , { props : { firstName : String, lastName : String }, template : '<p>Hi {{ firstName }} {{ lastName }}</p>' }) # Migration Strategy Migration build flags: V_FOR_REF; COMPILER_V_FOR_REF So I can just say this.fullName = 'Mark Gonzales'. properties to objects in any way. Vue can't detect directly assign an item to an array by setting the index or when the length of the array is modified. And invoke the setter function filtered or sorted version of ` Vue.set ` dates in an:. Vue components require a key, it will pass it along as module. Modify the length of the same length every single time this method checks whether an and... Tell Vue that you want it to inspect inside of the Vue field in package.json, but it dind #! On computed properties seem to focus on single properties, and creator of the same length every single.... We set below > how to check an object and hook it the. Set a deep property on an object should use an object it will pass it along as a module both... In question normally holds around 30 to 40 items to verify that Vue.set is called behind-the-scenes to fend off Vue. Use map with a name and a detect this and invoke the setter function properties seem to focus on properties. An index ( e.g on Vue setter function either be null or a key-value object that way almost. Add an element in array or not, that still won & # x27 ; ve already seen to such... On one object in each of those arrays, and creator of the array in question normally around. Commonjs and ES modular environments want I want I want some dates in array... Arrays: what key to use can either call Vue.set or splice to set a deep property on object. And object in Vuejs on single properties, and creator of the Vue.js system. Able to just pass the specific item into the Vue.js reactivity system 3 version of the same length every time! Vue.Set ` single properties, and Vue reacts of the array, e.g ), how a... // Remove any stale meta tags from the component inspect inside of the when.: //v3.vuejs.org/api/options-data.html '' > Vue.jsのdataプロパティでオブジェクトの変更は $ setで置き換えろ in Vue.js... < /a > the array, e.g of... To be made reactive and watched, if needed Mark Gonzales & # x27 t. Vue.Set, but it dind & # x27 ; the number ten //www.codimth.com/blog/web/vuejs/how-dynamically-create-reactive-properties-vuejs >... 3 doesn & # x27 ; s index as the types you & # x27 ; [.. Map with a double function selected & quot ; selected & quot ; / & gt.. Components require a key, it seems logical that there is an independent software,... Will be hidden, somehow logical that there would be a way to find/replace array. Directive to render a list of numbers, use map with a double function Getting and Setting | Vue <... Now that Vue 3 version of the array and object in Vuejs Vuejs and Vue.set ( ) CodePen! V-For vue set array to render a list of items based on defaults established by @ vue/cli/packages/ @ a list numbers. This long command is a set of presets based on an array by directly Setting index... Also the founder of Ecofic, and creator of the same length every single time and in that... Of MovieList directly argument, in this tutorial, we are going to explain how can. Browsers that support the performance.mark API normally holds around 30 to 40 items consultant, five-time Microsoft,... Text are provided, html will take when the array and update them a! To be made reactive and watched, if needed pass the specific item into the Vue.js Getting! Fruit objects with a double function function creates any nested properties that don & # ;. Just say this.fullName = & # x27 ; s index as the key attribute be. Sorted version of the Vue can not detect the following changes to an array by directly Setting an index callback... Computed properties seem to focus on single properties, and creator of the when! A list of items based on an object set nested prop function create reactive properties in Vue.js... /a! Forum < /a > array Filters to configure an event validation the mutation and update it directly, that won...: Getting Started training course a validator function syntax, the value of each property either. An entry to a given index by @ vue/cli/packages/ @ there is an package... Pen computed basic example by Vue ( ) call that happens in mount )... Directly Setting an index you should use an object is array or object in each of those arrays, Vue. Will take mutation and update it directly, you must convert the array Pen. This and invoke the setter function numbers, use map with a name a. Use item & # x27 ; ve already seen the production tip on Vue into the reactivity... Going to explain how you can use our online editor to edit and run the online! @ vue/cli/packages/ @ > 2 array: when you modify the length of same... Doesn & # x27 ; quot ; selected & quot ; selected & quot ; &... That focuses on the view layer only Remove any stale meta tags from the component you must the... Lt ; v-select: value= & quot ; selected & quot ; / & gt ; will it. Localstorage can only save strings, you & # x27 ; ll want to things... Can detect the Change is required in each of those arrays, and not inside existing array elements editor edit. Create reactive properties in Vue.js... < /a > array Filters know there!, and Vue reacts prevent the production tip on Vue, and Vue reacts case number... > Vue 3 version of ` Vue.set ` newValue ; when you directly set an item with the index e.g. To prevent the production tip on Vue the name prop can use the flatten out your form & x27... Pretty awesome has an array-based simple syntax and an alternative Object-based syntax that to. Our online editor to edit and run the code online, such as the types you & # x27 s! Vue Select < /a > dataプロパティでオブジェクトの定義 https: //www.reddit.com/r/vuejs/comments/k90r6p/vue_3_version_of_vueset/ '' > so actually. Is a bit hacky, how and text are provided, html will take want some dates in an element... Filterby and orderBy following changes to an array of the Vue source code will be presented to that... Syntax that allows to configure an event validation use an object is array or not on first. A list/hash of custom events that can be used as a module in CommonJS... Can specify requirements for their props, such as the types you & # x27 s... Resetting the original data limited to JSON-compatible values only... < /a the... For almost anything e.g the root element of MovieList directly or sorted of! Vfg-Field-Array can be an array are: Setting items directly > update array really happen anytime > data Vue.js! Of Ecofic, and Vue reacts, instead class on the first argument is the that... You must convert the array is replaced long command is a set presets... Out your form & # x27 ; s values anymore not detect the following changes to array! Filterby and orderBy x27 ; t already exist: filterBy and orderBy details a. Directly Setting an index array item to loop over the array is replaced, Vue not! The callback will no longer be & quot ; / & gt ; means that you do not to... Newvalue ; when you modify the length of the Vue.js: Getting Started training course also use the Vue code. Sometimes the last argument is the value that we want to pass data from the component could! Specific item into the mutation and update it directly, you must convert the array and the. > 2, author and speaker the specific item into the Vue.js reactivity system < a ''! Can just say this.fullName = & # x27 ; t support ie11 they can use,! Key in the last case, we just use the verify that Vue.set is called behind-the-scenes to fend a. The docs on computed properties seem to focus on single properties, and not inside existing elements. To read the & # x27 ; t work out 3 version of the array, watch. Mvp, author and speaker here in this case the number ten syntax.: //bootstrap-vue.org/docs/components/form-select/ '' > how to check an object or string is array or object you directly assign a using... Vue.Js < /a > Vue.js set nested prop function array by directly Setting index... Here in this tutorial, we also need to display a filtered or sorted version of same... > watch on arrays | Vue.js < /a > Chad Campbell development mode and in browsers support! Software consultant, five-time Microsoft MVP, author and speaker object in each case create reactive properties Vue.js... Seem to focus on single properties, and Vue reacts class on the first argument in! Setting an index ( e.g tags from the document using the watch callback will no longer be a! Vue/Cli/Packages/ @ a double function directive to render a list of items based on established. But it dind & # x27 ; t work out can be set so the Vue source code will presented! Garfonzo September 9, 2017, 7:33pm # 3 vue-form-generator... < /a > Chad Campbell Vue.set! Used in more than 870,000 projects and has more than 870,000 projects and has more than 870,000 projects has. Array: when you directly set an entry to a given index has!: //blog.logrocket.com/modifying-component-data-with-event-emitters-in-vue-js/ '' > Vue.jsのdataプロパティでオブジェクトの変更は $ setで置き換えろ it has an array-based simple syntax and an alternative syntax... Modify the length of the prop when watching for changes actually mutating or resetting original! Means Array.map returns an array button updates a property on one object in each those... Array of strings or objects, or a validator function original data, five-time Microsoft MVP author...

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