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Chemically, it is made up of a long-chain polyglycol combined with a short diisocyanate, and contains at least 85% polyurethane. Cotton woven fabrics containing spandex show higher contraction, crease recovery, … In knit product production, Lycra is a popular word. Test various draft/denier combinations until you get close to the spandex percentage. The classic AC air covering machine can produce the spandex fibers through any of the following means: Day by day, the using area of spandex increase rapidly. Spandex is a synthetic fabric that is prized for its elasticity. So, keep eyes on spandex and try to combine spandex with other fiber to produce suitable textile products. Especially this fiber is used to produce different types of underwear of women by mixing with cotton or other fiber. Despite having different names, Lycra, spandex, and elastane are all the same material, and these fabrics can stretch to 5-8 times their usual size. It is a manufactured texture material with elastic properties of the sort referred to nonexclusively as “Elastic Yarn”. Knit fabric can more easily deform or stretch by compressing or elongating the individual stitches that form the fabric. A variety of raw materials are used to produce stretchable spandex fibers. The multifilament fibers are more absorbent than the monofilament fibers. Lycra was created by DuPont chemist Joseph Shivers in 1959. The classic AC air covering machine can produce the spandex fibers through any of the following means: All the above methods feature an initial step that involves the reaction of monomers to produce a pre-polymer. Industrially, spandex is called lycra. Your email address will not be published. This is not a practical draft. ... One of its most valued properties that cannot be found in nature is its extraordinary elasticity. A draft of 1 (1:1 ratio) is no elongation at all. The core component was spandex with 20D and 40D while sheath consisted of lyocell yarn; eco-friendly regenerated cellulosic Spandex is a generic name for a polyurethane fiber … The first step produces the pre-polymer by mixing diphenylmethane diisocyanate monomer with micro polyester in a reaction vessel. Swimwear and lingerie owe their figure-flattering fit to LYCRA®. It could be elastic 5 to 7 times of its original length. What type of denier has been used so for? This results in loss of strength, After being burnt, the fibers will form a gummy residue, Spandex can be ironed safely at the temperatures of 150°C or below, Most spandex fibers are not ruined during dry cleaning, laundering. The hard yarn and spandex are run into the fabric in the same amounts. This includes pre-polymers which produce the backbone of the fiber, stabilizers which protect the in-tegrity of the polymer, and colorants. Lycra is a trade name of spandex fiber was given by "Dupont" The others trade name of … 2. Most weft knitting processes us a draft of 2.0 to 3.0. It is an elastomer, which means it can be stretched to a certain degree and it recoils when released. Spandex and rubber are often mistakenly thought of to be the same due to their common property to impart “Stretch”, but in reality, both of these are extremely different. Min et al. From this information, you can calculate a percentage of spandex by weight. After dilution into a thinner solution, it’s then pumped into the fiber production cell. Physical Properties of Spandex: The physical properties of spandex are given below. From the percentage of spandex, an approximate denier can be calculated. The yarn twist and spandex drawing ratio have influence on yarn properties. Spandex is a term used as an anagram for the word expands. Spandex is used for increase the elastic property of the fabric. And, when it was first introduced in 1959, it totally revolutionized the swimwear and foundations industry. It was invented to compete with naturally occurring rubber, which was used in numerous garments throughout the fashion industry and most widely in women's undergarments. The amount of Lycra determines the elasticity of that’s apparels. Listed manufacturers, suppliers, dealers & exporters are offering best deals for polyester spandex fabrics. Return to Fiber Characteristics Index. The synthetic fiber is also known as lycra or elastane and is popular for its exceptional elasticity. Find details of companies offering polyester spandex fabrics at best price. A draft of 1 (1:1 ratio) is no elongation at all. Spandex is called elastomeric fiber because it is come from elastomer polymer. From the percentage of spandex, an approximate denier can be calculated. Its elasticity property is higher than all of the textile fiber. What is Billboard Advertising and Why Do Companies Use It? The fabric must be deconstructed and the length and weight of several pieces of spandex used to calculate the denier. A draft of 2 is 100% spandex elongation. Spandex filament is used for produce stretch fabrics. The loop length and amount of spandex are usted to determine the dimensions and properties of the knits. These fibers are superior to rubber because they are stronger, lighter, and more versatile. The name "spandex" is an anagram of the word "expands". This is easily done if the spandex has not been heat set. An interesting fact about spandex is that it was developed as a substitute for rubber. Despite the fact that the general consumer has a preference for choosing apparels made from natural fibers like cotton and linen, there is a tendency for these fabrics to crease. A draft of 3 is 200% spandex elongation, etc. A draft of 3 is 200% spandex elongation, etc. Spandex is elastic as rubber. Next, the prepolymer is reacted with a diamine of equal amount. Spandex fiber, also known as Lycra or elastane, is a long-chain polyurethane-polyurea copolymer that is composed of flexible macro-glycol segments and rigid di-isocyanate segments arranged in a specific order. Chemical Properties of Spandex: The chemical properties of spandex are given below. We provide information such as General, Process, Properties, Company Profiles, Patent, Suppliers, Market, Report about Spandex Fiber ... Spandex or elastane is a synthetic fiber known for its exceptional elasticity. … Rubber is produced naturally or synthetically while Spandex can only be synthetically manufactured. Present paper reports the effect of change of spandex denier on the properties of stretchable lyocell-spandex cover spun yarn. Chemist Wallace H. Carothers of the Dupont Company was one of the lead players in the development … A regression analysis was also used to derive regression relationships between each of fabric properties and spandex filament drawing ratio. This is easily done if the spandex has not been heat set. Spandex yarn is a man-made elastic fiber developed. It is a polyether - polyurea copolymer that was invented in 1958 by chemist Joseph Shivers at DuPont 's Benger Laboratory in Waynesboro, Virginia. NEWSTAR® spandex is famous for its full range of specifications and rich variety. Recovery Properties: A good spandex should recover close to its original length once after stretching and releasing the applied load. Spandex is a type of elastane fiber that is also referred to as dorlastan or lycra. The product is then mixed with a solvent to dilute it and give it a spinning solution. Minimum of 90% recovery in this test qualifies a spandex for textile application. The terms spandex, Lycra, and elastane are synonymous. It is used for making different types of light apparel. Dupont Company first produced spandex as Lycra in 1959. Our findings show that the spandex drawing ratio and structures of the woven fabrics significantly affect the physical and mechanical properties of the cotton/spandex woven fabrics. Spandex is that the preferred name in North America, while elastane is most frequently used elsewhere. It is suitable for more applications than ordinary spandex. NEWSTAR® spandex is produced by advanced “dry-spinning” technology, having the properties of good evenness, moderate stretch and stable quality. properties of spandex and cotton blend are very important to determine the end-used of the elastic product[4-5]. Chemical Composition of Glass Fiber Production, Handloom Products With Places Of Production | Handloom Products For Local And International Business, Services Given By Bangladesh Handloom Board (BHB) | BHB Potential, Bangladesh Handloom Board || Vision || Mission|| Function of BHB, Production And Productivity || Basic Concepts Of Productivity, Sewing Needle Selection || Important Points For Selection Of Sewing Needle. Comfortable fit in woven fabrics, freedom of movement, shape retention, excellent drapeability and crease recovery. Most of these garments are skin-tight and often dry faster than ordinary fabrics. It’s then forced into a metal plate called a spinnerette. Spandex yarn is ordinarily used in athletic or dynamic dress. As a consequence, single-knit fabrics may have permanent deformation. Can be degraded by concentrated alkalis at high temperatures. Basic: Hot alkali damages the spandex filament. Elastane fibres, better known under their trade names, Lycra and Dorlastan, represent a further high point in the development of man-made fibres. Effect of bleaching: Bleaching agent damages the fiber and it becomes weak. How calculate lycra denier in a piece of fabric to produce same quality. Two types of pre-polymers are reacted to produce the Spandex is an elastomeric fiber. Spandex is used in a wide range of garments due to its high elasticity and significant strength. To improve the recovery performance of circular single-knit fabrics, it is now a common practice to knit a small amount … Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. From this information, you can calculate a percentage of spandex by weight. Lycra is a brand name for elastane, which is a highly elastic synthetic fabric. This also enhances the flexibility, Longitudinally, it shows fibers of similar diameters, Cross-sectional: it shows the different shapes of filaments. Items from 15D to 2000D are available in dull, clear, solution dyed, anti-chlorine, easy dyeable, low stress, heat resistant … So, the excellent stretch of spandex compensates for the fact that it's a weak fiber. A single fiber is made up of multiple smaller individual fibers. Cotton-covered spandex yarn: Predicting tensile properties In the prediction of tensile properties of cotton-covered spandex yarn, the ANN model shows considerable lower mean square error (MSE) than the multiple regression analysis in both testing and training data, reveal M H Elshakankery, Mona M Salem and M M Mourad. Draft if the ratio of hard yarn to spandex. While Spandex had 3 types dry spun, wet spun & melt spun, there 100 uses for spandex, waist band, diapers, swimwear, intimate apparel (Bra, Underwear, guilders, body shaping) sport wear, jugging pants, medical bandage, head band, fabrics for sport shoes, bunggie jumping harness, denim pants, sock tops, stocking. Single jersey knitted fabrics are generally used to make underwear and outerwear such as T-shirts. The strands are bundled to form fibers of the desired thickness as they exit the cell. Microstructures and mechanical properties of melt spinning spandex were studied in this article.Cross section and longitudinal surface were observed and analyzed by JSM-5610LV scanning electron microscopy. This in turn affects the appearance of the fabrics and thus the overall Outstanding shape retention in knitwear ( 8). A widely recognized emblem for spandex or elastane is Invista’s brand Lycra; another emblem (also Invista’s) is Elaspan. Raw Materials . Required fields are marked *, Elastomeric Fiber | Physical And Chemical Properties Of Spandex. If the spandex has been heat set, weigh a piece of the fabric and then remove either fiber and weigh again. Test various draft/denier combinations until you get close to the spandex percentage. It is an elastomer, which means it can be stretched to a certain degree and it recoils when released. 3. LYCRA® is a man-made elastic fibre invented and produced only by DuPont® which is also known as estomer or spandex.It’s remarkable properties of stretch and recovery enhance all fabrics and garments in which it is used, adding easy comfort and freedom of movement and improving fit and shape retention. In this study, 100% cotton, half-plated and full-plated, plain and rib fabrics which are very commonly used in underwear and outerwear clothing are investigated for physical, dimensional, geometrical, and some comfort properties and compared to each other. The spinning solution then goes into a cylindrical spinning cell. Introduce New Product, Service and Material | COADEngineering. The fabric must be deconstructed and the length and weight of several pieces of spandex used to calculate the denier. Spandex is a synthetic polymer. Your email address will not be published. Chemically, it is made up of a long-chain polyglycol combined with a short diisocyanate, and contains at least 85% polyurethane. https://www.apparelsearch.com/definitions/fiber/spandex_definition.htm © 2020 Manufacturing and Engineering Design Blog, The Different Properties of Spandex Fibers, on The Different Properties of Spandex Fibers. A draft of 2 is 100% spandex elongation. Q2000 DSC differential scanning calorimeter was used to test the glass transition temperature and melting temperature which indicated glass transition temperature is about 44°C and … All types of hosiery are softer, … Some applications of spandex are: Your email address will not be published. Spandex, Lycra or elastane is a synthetic fiber known for its exceptional elasticity. Spandex is a term used as an anagram for the word expands. Kabao Industries produces ACY fibers that have an extension-at-break greater than 200 percent and show … Draft is the ratio of hard yarn to spandex. This elastomeric is come from elastic and polymer. Spandex is a synthetic polymer. This is not a practical draft. The pre-polymer that is formed is then reacted in various ways using the different methods to give the fibers. Development began during World War II when rubber production was being monopolised for the war, but it was not until over a decade later that large-scale production was possible. The hard yarn and spandex are run into the fabric in the same amounts. Production Process of Spandex Fiber Draft ability properties: Draft ability properties are tested under dynamic condition. Spandex Fiber. 20 stated that the spandex can be used on modified worsted spinning system to produce spandex core-spun yarn and studied the influence of spandex drafting ratio and yarn twist factor on tensile properties and elasticity of the core-spun yarn. Hardness- there is a ratio between the soft and hard fabrics of spandex, which allows for it's elasticity (Singha, n.d.) Melting point- 250 degrees Celsius, but starts to stick at 175 degrees Celsius (Senthilkumar, Anbumani, Hayavadana, 2011) Solubility in Various Solvents- water: insoluble, therefore does not dissolve The synthetic fiber is also known as lycra or elastane and is popular for its exceptional elasticity. Spandex Structure and Properties Notice that because Spandex is a polymer, its macromolecular structure is made up of repeating units (mers) denoted by the xand nnext to the parentheses in the structure. Your email address will not be published. Acids: It has preventive power against all of the acidic action. Spandex yarns and fabrics are outstanding in terms of wear properties, comfort and functionality along with remarkable stretch and recovery properties. Spandex is a 100% synthetic fiber. 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What is Billboard Advertising and Why do companies Use it Billboard Advertising and Why companies... Stronger, lighter, and contains at least 85 % polyurethane do companies it! Yarn ” flexibility, Longitudinally, it is an elastomer, which means it can be to. Made up of a long-chain polyglycol combined with a polymer such as magnesium to! A polyurethane fiber … spandex, properties of spandex approximate denier can be calculated is higher than all of the sort to...... One of its original length determine the end-used of the desired thickness as they the. Of light apparel [ 4-5 ] 200 percent and show … spandex is used produce! A consequence, single-knit fabrics may have permanent deformation lighter, and contains least... Either fiber and it recoils when released applications of spandex used to produce same.. Why do companies Use it fiber, stabilizers which protect the in-tegrity of the textile fiber fabric to different... To give the fibers with a short diisocyanate, and contains at 85. Spandex increase rapidly elastane and is popular for its exceptional elasticity to 300 % elongation the spandex percentage have on. The elongation recovery after stretching the yarn twist and spandex are run into the fabric then... Close to the spandex percentage fabrics at best price technology, having properties! Elastane, which is a generic name for elastane, which is a brand name for polyurethane. Resulting fibers are treated with a short diisocyanate, and contains at least %... One of the fabric not be found in nature is its extraordinary elasticity usted to determine the of... Fabric to produce stretchable spandex fibers than the monofilament fibers is made up of a long-chain polyglycol with.

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